Plain-language summary
Cross-sectional human study mapping how diet, biological sex, and chronological age shape baseline intramuscular carnosine. Plant-only eaters and women carry meaningfully lower muscle carnosine than meat-eating men, while concentrations decline progressively with age — a triple lens that helps explain who stands to gain most from supplementation.
Key takeaways
- ›Vegetarian and vegan diets are associated with lower muscle carnosine.
- ›Female muscle carries less carnosine than male muscle at baseline.
- ›Age-related decline confirms the geroprotective supplementation case.
About this summary
The summary and key takeaways above are written by our editorial team in plain language for general readers. They are not the original abstract. For the authors' own wording, methodology, statistics, and full reference list, follow the source link to the published record.